Short sales are now common. When you owe $800,000 but home appraises at $700,000, that's a short sale situation. The appraisal is critical because it establishes the value the lender will accept.
My appraisal determines what the short sale price will be. I've done dozens recently, most coming in 15-25% below what homeowners owe.
Short sales beat foreclosure for everyone involved. Accurate appraisals make them happen.